|
CHARM II system detects following Beta-lactam drugs:
Penicillin, Cephapirin, Ceftiofur, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Cloxacillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Cefquinome, Nafcillin, Cefazolin, Cefodroxil, Cefotaxime, Cephalexin, Cephradine, Hetacillin, Penethamate, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin
| Recommended Screening / Detection Levels |
|
Beta-lactams:
|
Tissue1
ppb
|
Egg1
ppb
|
Urine2
ppb
|
Serum3
ppb
|
Feed4
ppb
|
Grain5
ppb
|
Honey5
ppb
|
Milk6
ppb
|
|
Penicillin
|
50
|
50
|
1000
|
200
|
175
|
175
|
50
|
3.5
|
|
Cephapirin
|
40
|
40
|
800
|
200
|
200
|
200
|
40
|
4
|
|
Ceftiofur
|
100
|
100
|
2000
|
500
|
500
|
500
|
100
|
10
|
|
Ampicillin
|
50
|
50
|
1000
|
200
|
400
|
400
|
50
|
8
|
|
Amoxicillin
|
50
|
100
|
2000
|
500
|
450
|
450
|
100
|
9
|
|
Cloxacillin
|
500
|
500
|
10000
|
2500
|
2500
|
2500
|
500
|
50 (9 7)
|
|
Oxacillin
|
500
|
500
|
10000
|
2500
|
3750
|
3750
|
500
|
75 (20 7)
|
|
Dicloxacillin
|
300
|
300
|
6000
|
1500
|
2500
|
2500
|
300
|
50 (9 7)
|
|
Cefquinome
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1000
|
1000
|
UD
|
20
|
|
Nafcillin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
3000
|
3000
|
UD
|
60
|
|
Cefazolin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1500
|
1500
|
UD
|
30
|
|
Cefodroxil
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1500
|
1500
|
UD
|
30
|
|
Cefotaxime
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
400
|
400
|
UD
|
8
|
|
Cephalexin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1500
|
1500
|
UD
|
30
|
|
Cephradine
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1500
|
1500
|
UD
|
30
|
|
Hetacillin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
400
|
400
|
UD
|
8
|
|
Penethamate
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
200
|
200
|
UD
|
4
|
|
Piperacillin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
1000
|
1000
|
UD
|
20
|
|
Ticarcillin
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
UD
|
3500
|
3500
|
UD
|
70
|
UD = Un-determined
ND = Procedure not developed
NOTES:
- Preparation dilution 1 part sample to 3 parts buffer. Alternative control point procedure may be used to enhance sensitivity 2 fold.
- Dilution range 1 part sample to 100-150 parts buffer to predict tissue action levels. Minimal allowable dilution 1:4 will enhance sensitivity 25 fold.
- Dilution 1 part sample to 20 parts buffer to predict tissue action levels. Minimal allowable dilution 1:4 will enhance sensitivity 5 fold.
- Dilution 1 part sample into 2 parts extract, 1 part extract to 25 parts buffer.
- Dilution 1 part to 4 parts for beta-lactams, macrolides, streptomycins; 1 part to 10 parts for Sulfa Drugs and Tetracyclines; and 1part to 20 parts for Amphenicols.
- Charm Sequential Assay (procedure for US Safe Levels). Procedure for MRL levels enhances sensitivity 2 fold for all beta-lactams: Penicillin 1.7ppb; ampicillin 4ppb; amoxicillin 4-5ppb; ceftiofur 5ppb; cephapirin 2ppb; cloxacillin 25ppb; dicloxacillin 25 ppb; oxacillin 30ppb; cefquinome 10ppb; nafcillin 30ppb
|
Antibiotic Tests 
